Ethics in Mission and Safety Critical Software...

Ethics in Mission and Safety Critical Software Engineering â€Å"Engineering has a direct and vital impact on the quality of life for all people.† 1 It is by this premise that engineering codes of ethics have been written to outline professional standards for both managers and engineers. Exhibiting the highest standards of honesty and integrity are imperative for the protection of public health, safety, and welfare.2 When ethical principles are compromised, the risk of endangering others greatly increases, especially with mission and safety critical systems. Extreme consequences include not only complete mission failures and great financial loss, but also fatalities. Though most engineering accidents are associated with aerospace,†¦show more content†¦Though the Code is to be viewed as a body of work and different parts are not meant to be used in isolation, concentrating on these particular principles shed the most light on how past software engineering accidents could have been avoided. Principle 3 outlines all the professi onal practice guidelines for â€Å"Product.† These include: . Ensuring that, as a software engineer, you are qualified to work on a particular project . Ensuring that the appropriate method is used for the project . Ensuring adequate testing . Maintaining data integrity . Treating all maintenance with the same professionalism as new development . And many others (Click here for all Principle 3 guidelines).4 Principle 5 outlines all the professional practice guidelines for â€Å"Management.† This applies to all managers and leaders of software engineers. It is important to note the management/engineer relationship, as success depends on both sides. Though the ultimate authority over business decisions lies with management, they must still be willing to listen to any of the engineers concerns during the process, and duly take this into account. The relationship also works the other direction, in that management will not know of any problems unless accurately reported by the engineers. Open and honest communication is key for ethical engineering. The guidelines for management detailed in Principle 5 include: Ensuring that software engineers know the standardsShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Therac 25? Where Is It Used?1754 Words   |  8 Pagescan generate an electron beam, to cure cancer in patients. Flaws  · Studies of the Therac-25 incidents showed that many factors contributed to the injuries and deaths.  · The factors include lapses in good safety design, insufficient testing, bugs in the software that controlled the machines, and an inadequate system of reporting and investigating the accidents. Design flaws and bugs:  · The Therac-25 malfunctioned frequently.  · The operator’s manual for the Therac-25Read MoreApple History and Development3725 Words   |  15 Pagescould be used to. *APPLE VISSION, MISSION STATEMENT, AND VALUES: Vision Statement: Apple ignited the personal computer revolution in the 1970s with the Apple II and reinvented the personal computer in the 19805 with the Macintosh. Apple is committed to bringing the best personal computing experience to students, educators, creative professionals, and consumers around the world through its innovative hardware, software, and Internet offerings. Mission Statement Apple Computer is committedRead MoreStrategy Formulation9792 Words   |  40 PagesThe organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. *Related content and download information correct at time of download. Strategy formulation framework for vocational education: integrating SWOT analysis, balanced scorecard, QFD methodology and MBNQA education criteria S.F. Lee Head, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education,Read MoreOrganizational Management and Leadership Essay2673 Words   |  11 Pagesprocesses involved in identifying, planning, developing, delivering, marketing and managing the finances competitively when introducing an engineering product or service. Domain 7 and 8 of the Guide to the Engineering Management Body of Knowledge, present research in the Philosophies of Leadership, Management of Organisations and the professional responsibility, ethics and legal issues involved. The function of management involves being concerned with the activities of others in the organisation. RelationshipsRead MoreMy Dream Of Becoming An Information Security Essay2080 Words   |  9 PagesAs a child, I grew up enjoying mathematics and science; this led to my dream of becoming an Information Security Analyst by majoring in Computer Engineering in college. I chose this profession because over the past couple of years, the world has become more dependent on technology, which means that there is more technology that needs to be developed and better network security will need to be implanted to meet the progressing world’s standards. 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AsRead MoreAcca P3 Revision Notes5881 Words   |  24 Pages... 3 Extracts from the Examiners report †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦...4 Examination Technique†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 Background and examination format..†¦............9 Syllabus Overview†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........10 Strategic Planning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦.....11 Mission and Objectives†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Business Professional Ethics..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦...13 Internal Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦14 External Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....15 Strategic Options†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.17 Method of Growth†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦............18 Portfolio Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.19 Strategic Choice ChangeRead MoreIBM10585 Words   |  43 Pagesdifferent segments that create value by offering a variety of solutions that include, technologies, systems, products, services, software, and financing (10-K report). The company s major operations compromise three hardware product segments. These segments are: technology, personal systems, and enterprise systems. They also offer a global services segment, a software segment, a global financing segment, and an enterprise investments segment (Ibid). IBM offers its products and services throughRead MoreGlobal Strategies and Winning Strategy of First Philippines Holding Corporation2240 Words   |  9 Pagesprocurement strategy derives directly from their procurement mission â€Å" We will leverage our competencies and experience from energy, infrastructure, real estate, and industry to drive business strategies and solutions for the benefit of our customers and other stakeholders â€Å". First Philippine Holdings achieve this by ïÆ'Ëœ Establishing a Procurement Steering Committee and a Procurement Board as global collaboration platforms. It is their mission to strategically improve their purchasing activities, implementRead MoreThe Boeing Company: Strategic Audit SWOT,EFAS,IFAS,SFAS,TOWS,Financial Ratios Set at the year 20019784 Words   |  40 Pagesbeen doing quite well. They have risen drastically in the past few years, which can be seen in the profitability ratios. Boeing is doing fine when it comes to profitability, even though they have dropped slightly since 1999. B. Strategic Posture Mission People working together as one global company for Aerospace Leadership. Objectives We were unable to find specific objectives besides very vague goals of; (1) being the number one aerospace leader in the world; (2) increasing shareholder value.

Essay on Christina Rossettis Goblin Market - 1686 Words

Christina Rossettis Goblin Market One of the strongest emotions inherent in us as humans is desire. The majority of the time, we are unable to control what we crave; however, with practice, we learn not all things we want are necessary. As a result of this mature understanding, we are able to ease our feelings and sometimes even suppress our desires. Something even more mature is understanding that when we give in to our desires, we become vulnerable. In a harsh, brutal world, vulnerability will not work to our advantage. In Christina Rossetti’s â€Å"Goblin Market,† she writes about a sister who succumbs to her desire and pays dearly for it while the other sister resists her desires and receives the ultimate reward of her sister’s†¦show more content†¦Her desire for the fruit the goblin men were selling overcame her and she succumbed to it, resulting in the loss of her precious youth. Laura’s sister, on the other hand, travels a different path. Lizzie, having run away from the goblin men, isn’t faced with any real desire for their fruit yet; however, at the onset of her sister’s premature aging, she is forced to seek out the goblin men for her sister’s cure. She approaches the goblin men and asks them to sell any â€Å"Of [their] fruits tho’ much and many† (387). She refuses to sit down and eat with them as they request. Because of this, they become angry and begin to force the fruit upon her. She resists all attempts and the goblin men leave: â€Å"Lizzie uttered not a word: / Would not open lip from lip†¦At last the evil people / Worn out by her resistance† (430 – 438). She then goes home to let her sister eat the juices she had smeared all over her skin to cure the premature aging. After eating the fruit juices, â€Å"Laura awoke as from a dream, / Laughed in the innocent old way†¦Her gleaming locks showed not one thread of grey, / Her breath was s weet as May / And light danced in her eyes (537 – 542). Lizzie was strong enough to suppress whatever desire she had for the fruit because she knew what would happen if she didn’t. As a result, she was able to help her sister return toShow MoreRelatedChristina Rossetti’s Goblin Market Essay887 Words   |  4 Pages There are several meanings and interpretations of Christina Rossetti’s, â€Å"Goblin Market†. â€Å"Goblin Market† is the story of two sisters, which one of them, Laura, is tempted to visit the new goblin market in town. Laura buys the fruit from the goblin men in exchange for a lock of her hair, despite the several warnings from her sister Lizzie not to consume the fruit. Laura gets sick and Lizzie saves her by going to the market. After the goblins taunt, tease and torment her with the tempting fruitRead MoreEssay on Christina Rossetti’s Goblin Market1087 Words   |  5 PagesChristina Rossetti’s poem, Goblin Market, was written in the Victorian era during a time of vast social change across Europe. Though the Victorian period was a time of female suppression and order, Rossetti exposed social stigmas and ideologies that are displayed through the journey of two sisters, Laura and Lizzie. Despite initial impressions of a childhood fairytale, the suggestive and multi-interpretive use of language signifies an underlying message of erotic sexual commentary and feminist viewsRead MoreHeroism In Christina Rossettis Goblin Market1543 Words   |  7 Pagestime, have remained in the public consciousness years later for their complexities. Christina Rossetti’s 1862 Goblin Market has remained in the minds of readers and literary scholars for decades as it easily lends itself to an array of interpretations for its sexual imagery, and possible Marxists, feminist, and nativist readings, continuously enticing readers to form their own interpretations. Furthermore, Goblin Market is also noteworthy for the character of Lizzie as she takes on an â€Å"assertive† yetRead More Feminism in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market Essay2281 Words   |  10 PagesFeminism in Christina Rossettis Goblin Market  Ã‚   The Victorian period marked the first traces of progress in the feminist movement, and poet Christina Rossetti embraced the advancement as her own long-established principles slowly became publicly acceptable. Her poem Goblin Market comments on the institutions in Victorian society that she and her feminist contemporaries wished to see altered, creating modern female heroines to carry out its messages. The goblins serve as malicious male figuresRead More Comparing Christina Rossetti’s Goblin Market and William Wordsworth’s The Thorn1713 Words   |  7 PagesComparing Christina Rossetti’s Goblin Market and William Wordsworth’s The Thorn On the surface, the poems â€Å"Goblin Market† by Christina Rossetti and â€Å"The Thorn† by William Wordsworth appear to be very different literary works. â€Å"Goblin Market† was written by a young woman in the Victorian period about two sisters who develop a special bond through the rescue of one sister by the other. â€Å"The Thorn† was written by the Romantic poet William Wordsworth about a middle-aged man and hisRead More Seduction and Lust in Christina Rossetti’s Goblin Market Essay2116 Words   |  9 PagesSeduction and Lust in Christina Rossetti’s Goblin Market A seemingly innocent poem about two sisters’ encounters with goblin men, Christina Rossetti’s â€Å"Goblin Market† is a tale of seduction and lust. Behind the lattice of the classic mortal entrapment and escapement from fairyland, â€Å"Goblin Market† explores Laura’s desire for heterosexual knowledge, the goblin men’s desire for mortal flesh, and Laura and Lizzie’s desire for homosexual eroticism. Goblin men fascinate theRead More Comparing George Eliot’s Adam Bede and Christina Rossetti’s Goblin Market2291 Words   |  10 PagesComparing George Eliot’s Adam Bede and Christina Rossetti’s Goblin Market George Eliot’s Adam Bede offers a realistic and highly detailed look into the everyday life of ordinary people in rural Treddleston. Although the characters are fictional, several of them are based upon people Eliot knew or knew of, which adds to the realism. As she delightedly observes and describes the intricacies of the natural, ordinary world, Eliot pays attention to human nature, applying keen psychological insightRead More Themes Presented in Goblin Market by Christina Rossetti Essay1184 Words   |  5 PagesPresented in Goblin Market by Christina Rossetti Christina Rossettis used her poetry to express herself; her work exhibits many autobiographical elements and from it the reader can discern Rossettis emotions, beliefs and her comments on the society she lived in. As a female poet it would have been improper for Rossetti to deal directly with these issues though and so her ideas are masked through appearing to be childrens poetry and having simple meanings. Goblin Market superficiallyRead MoreA Dolls House And Goblin Market And A Dolls House930 Words   |  4 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s play ‘A Doll’s House’, written in 1879, and Christina Rossetti’s poem ‘Goblin Market’, written in 1862, both demonstrate that an appetite for power, knowledge, sex, and money have an ultimately destructive affect upon their characters. An appetite for power, and therefore control, is quintessential to the plot of Henrik Ibsen’s play: ‘A Doll’s House’ and Christina Rossetti’s poem: ‘Goblin Market’. The importance of power is first evident in the martial relationship between Nora andRead MoreThe Laugh Of The Medusa By Helene Cixous1618 Words   |  7 PagesThe text The Laugh of the Medusa, written by Helene Cixous provides context for a reader’s awareness of the complexities of Christina Rossetti’s Goblin Market. The concept of the power and responsibility possessed by the poet is addressed throughout Cixous’ work in which she declares, â€Å"I write woman: woman must write woman† (877). Moreover, Cixous’ work points to Rossetti’s responsibility to change the perception of women through her poetic, magical universe. By presenting men as non-human creatures

Promotion and Distribution Strategy for Nissan Leaf

Question: Discuss about thePromotion and Distribution Strategy for Nissan Leaf. Answer: Promotion Strategy With the growing competition in the market, Nissan seeks to penetrate newer markets like Ireland where Nissan Leaf can replace other family cars and at least comes in the second position (nissan.in 2017). This promotional campaign will entail the following things: Key Message of the Campaign: Nissan Leaf, as a green family car is perfectly in line with Irelands pollution free and good air condition. Combined with its strong and robust engine, this car is absolutely suitable for the highland areas and hill regions of Ireland (Chappell 2012). Key Communication Objectives: The key communication objectives of Nissan Leaf in Irish market will be: Raise Awareness: The car should be well introduced in the Irish market through social media and digital marketing (Shiga 2012). Influencing Purchase Intent: The target customers should be motivated to buy the car through advertising (Bhasin 2016). Brand Switching: To make the customers prefer Nissan Leaf over other competitive brands. Key Channels Used: The key channels for promotional activities that can be chosen are television advertising, social media advertising, advertisement through billboards and sponsorship. Draft of Media Schedule: Media Schedule Duration and Timing of Advertising Continuous Media Schedule For the first 3 months Flighted Media Schedule For the next 6 months Pulsing Media Schedule For the next 3 months Distribution Strategy Nissan, for its distribution strategy focuses on both indirect and direct distribution methods. As for the direct distribution method for Nissan Leaf, the company aims to have more showrooms in Ireland than the existing ones (Chappell 2012). Nissan owns an advantage that is its presence in locus points of Asia from where it can export its premium range of Nissan Leaf in the European countries and in Ireland too having a strong network of dealers like Renault and Nissan (nissan.in 2017). Nissan has also strategically placed the dealership network in every major city and popular towns so that the sales increases even in the remote Irish townships. It already has strong presence in many European countries like Germany, United Kingdom, Switzerland and the like and this will enable to strengthen the network of Nissan Leaf in Ireland too (Shiga 2012). The indirect distribution channels, however, is used by Nissan where there is no dealers present in the region. In these cases, Nissan uses the authorized dealers to sell several different ranges of cars including Nissan Leaf. Recommendation on Distribution Strategy Although Nissan has a very strong network of car dealers, it is recommended to increase the number o showrooms particularly in those places where Nissan has better control over its distribution channels. In addition, since Nissan Leaf is entirely an electric car Nissan should not ignore the short-term potential of its market while launching the car in Irish market. Besides, previously Nissan have faced a problem in lacking the necessary infrastructure for charging the EV while marketing in the U.S. This should not be repeated in the Irish market and hence, their initial focus should be on infrastructure. References Bhasin, H. 2016. Marketing mix of Nissan - Nissan Marketing mix. [online] Marketing91. Available at: https://www.marketing91.com/marketing-mix-nissan/ [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017]. chappell, L. 2012. Nissan shifts Leaf marketing strategy. [online] Automotive News. Available at: https://www.autonews.com/article/20121217/RETAIL03/312179957/nissan-shifts-leaf-marketing-strategy [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017]. nissan.in 2017. New Vehicles Range | Nissan India. [online] Available at: https://www.nissan.in/vehicles/new.html?utm_source=searchutm_medium=googleutm_term=text-ads-cpcutm_content=nissan-brandutm_campaign=always-on-search_2017 [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017]. Shiga, T. 2012. [online] Available at: https://www.nissan-global.com/EN/DOCUMENT/PDF/IREVENT/PRESEN/2012/121206_Shiga_COO_Presentation_E.pdf [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017].

The Effects Music Distraction upon Reading Efficiency Essay Example

The Effects Music Distraction upon Reading Efficiency Essay This experiment investigated the effects of music distraction upon reading efficiency, as measured by the score on a comprehension test and the amount of text read. It was hypothesised that the non-distracted group will score higher than the distracted group. Sixteen participants were given 15 min. to read a 6-pages text and were subsequently given a comprehension test on their reading. It was found that the no distraction condition scored higher than the music distraction condition and the non-distracted group also read more amount of text than the distracted group. Introduction Modern life is noisy. Walking down the streets, we hear traffic roaring, factory machines clattering. And when we finally get back home, we cannot help but turn on the radio. In fact, many students even choose to listen to music while studying. Research has shown that auditory distraction interferes with reading comprehension.  The aim of Fendricks experiment (1937), for instance, was to measure the difference in reading efficiency when college students were asked to study a selected assignment in the classroom with and without distraction by radio music. Fendrick used the matched subject design: the two experimental groups being equated with respect to chronological age and average scores on a test of intelligence. One hundred and twenty-two participants were given 30 min. to study a 12-page mimeographed chapter from a psychology textbook. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects Music Distraction upon Reading Efficiency specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects Music Distraction upon Reading Efficiency specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects Music Distraction upon Reading Efficiency specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer While the control group worked under quiet conditions, music from phonograph records (semi classical) was used as distractor for the experimental group. Subsequently, they were given 15 min. to complete a 60-item true-false test on the contents of the chapter, they were also asked to indicate the number of pages they had read. Sixty-one students formed the control group and sixty-students composed the experimental group. It was found that although the average comprehension scores were higher for the non-distracted group, the distracted participants read a greater amount of material. It is therefore the aim of this experiment to see if music distraction will deter reading efficiency, measured in how much they have read and their scores on the comprehension test. Following Fendricks experiment, it is hypothesized that participants under the music distraction condition will score lower than those without distraction. Method  Design  This experiment was an independent design experiment with one level of the independent variable assigned to each experimental group. The independent variable was the music distraction condition or the no distraction condition assigned to the participants, and the dependent variable was their score on the comprehension test as well as how much they could read. Participants were randomly assigned to the distraction or non-distraction condition, with an equal number of females and males in each group. For control purpose, an equal number of participants who reported that they usually study with the radio on and those who reported that they did not were also assigned to each group. All participants had passed three college English courses but had never had a Psychology course before. Participants  Sixteen naive participants, eight males and eight females, from 18 to 21 years old were chosen conveniently to participate voluntary in this experiment. All participants signed a consent form (see Appendix I) in which they were informed that the research investigated reading efficiency, assured confidentiality and will be given a feedback regarding the researchs outcome.  Materials  6-pages on personality disorders and dissociative disorders taken from a psychology textbook The pictures and graphs were removed (see Appendix II and References). Comprehension test (see Appendix III and References)  Discman with earphones and disc (see References)  Stopwatch  Pen or Pencil  Procedure  All participants were tested individually in a quiet environment such as the library or a quiet room. Using the stopwatch, the participants were allowed 15 min. to read the 6-pages text. Those in the distracted group had to wear the earphones and listen to instrumental music (see References), they were told to adjust the volume so that they could hear the music at a comfortable level. In the non-distracted group, participants also wore the earphones but no music was played. After 15-min period, the participants removed their earphones and were given 10 min. to complete the comprehension test.